Lipidrétegén

Lipidrétegén is a term used in Hungarian to describe a lipid layer or lipid membrane. In a biological context, this most commonly refers to the cell membrane, which is a fundamental structure in all living organisms. The cell membrane is primarily composed of a phospholipid bilayer, a double layer of lipid molecules that forms a barrier between the cell's interior and its external environment. These lipids have a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and a hydrophobic (water-repelling) tail. In the bilayer, the hydrophilic heads face outwards towards the aqueous environment both inside and outside the cell, while the hydrophobic tails face inwards, creating a nonpolar core.

This lipidrétegén is not a static structure but a fluid mosaic. Embedded within or attached to the lipid bilayer are various proteins that perform a multitude of functions, including transport of substances across the membrane, cell signaling, and enzymatic activity. Carbohydrates are also present, often attached to proteins or lipids on the outer surface of the cell membrane, playing roles in cell recognition. The specific composition and arrangement of lipids and proteins within the lipidrétegén are crucial for the membrane's selective permeability, maintaining cellular homeostasis, and enabling vital cellular processes. Beyond cell membranes, the term lipidrétegén can also refer to lipid accumulations or layers in other biological or non-biological contexts, such as in fatty deposits or industrial applications involving lipid films.