Leukoplastit

Leukoplasts (also written leucoplasts in some languages) are colorless, non-photosynthetic organelles within plant cells that belong to the plastid family. They are specialized for storage rather than light-driven energy capture.

There are several subtypes of leukoplasts. Amyloplasts store starch as starch granules and are common in non-photosynthetic tissues such as roots and tubers. Elaioplasts store lipids, often in seeds or oil-rich tissues. Proteinoplasts contain storage proteins and are less widespread but functionally important in certain tissues. Collectively, these plastids are collectively referred to as leucoplasts, distinguishing them from chloroplasts, which contain chlorophyll and perform photosynthesis.

Leukoplasts originate from proplastids in meristematic cells and can differentiate into various plastid types depending on developmental and environmental cues. In light-exposed tissues, plastids may transition toward chloroplasts; conversely, leukoplasts can persist in dark or storage tissues. In addition to storage, amyloplasts in root cap cells act as statoliths, helping the plant sense gravity and direct growth.

Location and clinical relevance: Leukoplasts are predominantly found in non-photosynthetic parts of the plant, including roots, tubers, seeds, and developing fruits. Their proper function is essential for energy reserves, germination, and seedling establishment. While not involved in photosynthesis, their metabolic roles in starch, lipid, and protein storage are central to plant development and agricultural productivity.