Lasero

Lasero, also known as laser-induced plasma or laser ablation in some contexts, refers to the plasma created when a sufficiently intense laser beam is focused onto a material. This process involves the rapid absorption of laser energy by the material, leading to its vaporization, ionization, and the formation of a hot, dense plasma. The characteristics of the generated plasma, such as its temperature, density, and expansion dynamics, depend on various factors including the laser wavelength, pulse duration, energy density, and the properties of the target material.

The formation of laser-induced plasma is a complex phenomenon. Initially, the laser energy can be absorbed through mechanisms like inverse bremsstrahlung or multiphoton ionization. As the plasma forms, it can then absorb further laser energy, leading to heating and expansion. This rapid expansion often drives a shock wave into the surrounding material and ejects plasma into the ambient environment. Applications of laser-induced plasma are diverse. It is fundamental to techniques like Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), which uses the emitted light from the plasma to determine the elemental composition of a sample. Other applications include laser ablation for material processing, such as micro-machining and thin-film deposition (e.g., Pulsed Laser Deposition). It also plays a role in fundamental research, such as studying high-energy-density physics and astrophysics phenomena.