LATEKS

Lateks is a milky colloid consisting of polymer particles dispersed in water. It occurs naturally in several plants, most notably the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis, and can also be produced synthetically through emulsion polymerization. Natural lateks are mainly composed of cis-1,4-polyisoprene rubber particles, with water, proteins, sugars and trace compounds.

Natural latex is tapped from rubber trees, coagulated, and processed to form sheets, crepe, or milky concentrates. Through vulcanization, sulfur-cross-linking increases strength, elasticity and heat resistance, enabling widespread use in a range of products such as gloves, condoms, tires, foams, and medical devices.

Synthetic lateks are produced by polymerizing monomers in water, yielding emulsified rubber particles. Major types include styrene-butadiene latex (SBR), nitrile butadiene latex (NBR), and neoprene latex. Each type offers different chemical resistance, elasticity, and allergen profiles, making them suitable for paints, coatings, adhesives, textiles finishes, and non-latex gloves.

Health, safety and environmental aspects: Natural latex can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. Hospitals and industries increasingly use powder-free products and synthetic alternatives. The production of latex involves energy and chemical inputs; disposal and recycling considerations depend on the product form.