Lõhustumisproduktid

Lõhustumisproduktid, also known as fission products, are the atomic nuclei that result from the radioactive decay of an atom's nucleus. This process typically occurs during nuclear fission, a nuclear reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller, lighter nuclei. These smaller nuclei are the fission products. While the original atom splits into two main fragments, these fragments are often unstable and undergo further radioactive decay, emitting particles and energy.

Fission products are generally radioactive, meaning they have an unstable nucleus and will spontaneously decay over time. The half-lives of fission products vary widely, ranging from fractions of a second to millions of years. This radioactivity is a significant consideration in nuclear technology, particularly in the management of nuclear waste. Some common examples of fission products include isotopes of elements like strontium, cesium, iodine, and xenon.

The specific fission products generated depend on the fissile material undergoing fission and the energy of the neutrons initiating the reaction. For instance, uranium-235 undergoing thermal neutron fission can produce a variety of pairs of fission fragments. The study of fission products is crucial for understanding nuclear reactor physics, nuclear safeguards, and the environmental impact of nuclear activities. Their presence and decay are monitored to ensure safety and to aid in the decommissioning of nuclear facilities.