Lämönsiirtovettä

Lämönsiirtovettä, often translated as heat transfer fluid or thermal fluid, is a substance used to transfer thermal energy from one location to another. It plays a crucial role in various industrial processes, HVAC systems, and solar thermal applications. The primary function of lämönsiirtovettä is to efficiently absorb heat from a source and then release it at a point where it is needed.

The properties of an ideal lämönsiirtovettä depend heavily on the specific application. Key characteristics include a high specific heat capacity, which allows it to store a large amount of thermal energy, and good thermal conductivity, enabling efficient heat transfer. Low viscosity is also desirable to minimize pumping energy requirements. Furthermore, it should possess a wide operating temperature range, low vapor pressure to prevent boiling at operating temperatures, and be non-corrosive to system components. Environmental friendliness and low toxicity are increasingly important considerations.

Common types of lämönsiirtovettä include water, which is cost-effective and readily available, but has limitations due to its freezing point and boiling point. Glycol-based fluids, such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, are often used to lower the freezing point and raise the boiling point of water, making them suitable for colder climates or higher temperature applications. Oils and specialized synthetic fluids are employed in high-temperature systems where water or glycol would degrade or vaporize. The selection of the appropriate lämönsiirtovettä is critical for system efficiency, longevity, and safety.