Kõrvakile

Kõrvakile, also known as the tympanic membrane, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear. It is a vital component of the human auditory system, playing a crucial role in hearing. The tympanic membrane is approximately 10 millimeters long and 0.1 millimeters thick. It is composed of three layers: an outer epidermal layer, a middle fibrous layer, and an inner mucosal layer.

When sound waves enter the ear canal, they strike the tympanic membrane, causing it to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the ossicles, a chain of three small bones in the middle ear: the malleus, incus, and stapes. The ossicles amplify these vibrations and pass them on to the cochlea, a fluid-filled, spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear. Within the cochlea, the vibrations are converted into electrical signals that are sent to the brain via the auditory nerve, where they are interpreted as sound.

Damage to the tympanic membrane, such as a perforation or rupture, can lead to hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. Common causes of tympanic membrane damage include ear infections, head trauma, sudden changes in air pressure, and loud noises. Medical conditions affecting the tympanic membrane require prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent permanent hearing impairment. Regular ear care and protection from loud noises are essential for maintaining the health of the tympanic membrane and ensuring optimal hearing.