Kõneviisi

Kõneviisi refers to the grammatical mood in the Estonian language. It indicates the speaker's attitude towards the expressed proposition. Estonian has four main moods: indicative, interrogative, imperative, and conditional.

The indicative mood is the most common and is used to state facts or express opinions. It does not have a specific marker and is the default mood. For example, "Ta luges raamatut" (He/She read a book) is in the indicative mood.

The interrogative mood is used for questions. It is typically formed by adding the question particle "-kas" before the verb or by inverting the subject and verb. For instance, "Kas ta luges raamatut?" (Did he/she read a book?) or "Luges ta raamatut?" are interrogative.

The imperative mood expresses commands, requests, or advice. It is formed using the imperative verb forms, which vary depending on the person and number. For example, "Lugegu ta raamatut!" (Let him/her read a book!) is an imperative.

The conditional mood expresses hypothetical situations, wishes, or possibilities. It is formed using the conditional auxiliary verb "oleks" combined with the past participle of the main verb. An example is "Ta oleks lugenud raamatut, kui tal oleks aega olnud" (He/She would have read a book if he/she had had time). Understanding Kõneviisi is crucial for correct Estonian grammar and expressing nuances of meaning.