Kõhrekude

Kõhrekude, also known as cartilage, is a flexible connective tissue found in many areas of the body. It is composed of specialized cells called chondrocytes, which are embedded in a matrix of collagen and elastic fibers. This matrix provides structural support and allows the tissue to withstand tension and compression.

There are three main types of cartilage: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is the most common type and is found in joints, the rib cage, and the respiratory tract. It provides smooth surfaces for movement and helps to absorb shock. Elastic cartilage, found in the ear and epiglottis, is more flexible due to a higher concentration of elastic fibers. Fibrocartilage, present in the intervertebral discs and menisci of the knee, is the strongest type and resists compression and tearing.

Unlike bone, cartilage lacks blood vessels and nerves. This means it receives nutrients through diffusion from surrounding tissues and heals very slowly. Cartilage plays a vital role in skeletal development, joint lubrication, and maintaining the shape of certain organs. Degeneration of cartilage, such as in osteoarthritis, can lead to pain and impaired mobility.