Käännöskiihtyvyys

Käännöskiihtyvyys refers to the rate at which an object's rotational velocity changes. It is the rotational analogue of linear acceleration. Just as linear acceleration describes how linear velocity changes over time, käännöskiihtyvyys describes how angular velocity changes over time. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. The direction of the käännöskiihtyvyys vector is along the axis of rotation.

The SI unit for käännöskiihtyvyys is radians per second squared (rad/s²). It is typically denoted by the Greek letter alpha (α). The magnitude of käännöskiihtyvyys can be calculated by dividing the change in angular velocity by the time interval over which the change occurs. Mathematically, if the initial angular velocity is ω₀ and the final angular velocity is ω after a time interval Δt, then the average käännöskiihtyvyys is α = (ω - ω₀) / Δt. For non-uniform rotational motion, instantaneous käännöskiihtyvyys is the derivative of angular velocity with respect to time: α = dω/dt.

Käännöskiihtyvyys is caused by a net torque acting on the object. According to the rotational analogue of Newton's second law of motion, the net torque (τ) applied to an object is directly proportional to its käännöskiihtyvyys and its moment of inertia (I): τ = Iα. The moment of inertia is a measure of an object's resistance to changes in its rotational motion. Objects with larger moments of inertia require greater torques to produce the same käännöskiihtyvyys. Understanding käännöskiihtyvyys is crucial in fields such as physics, engineering, and astronomy, where rotational motion is a fundamental aspect of many phenomena.