Káliumjidoxid

Káliumjidoxid is the Swedish name for potassium hydroxide, also known as caustic potash. It is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KOH. Potassium hydroxide is a strong base that is highly soluble in water. It is a white solid that is typically sold in pellets, flakes, or solutions. Potassium hydroxide is a highly corrosive substance and can cause severe burns to skin and eyes.

The production of potassium hydroxide primarily involves the electrolysis of potassium chloride (KCl) solutions. This process, similar to the production of sodium hydroxide from sodium chloride, yields potassium hydroxide, hydrogen gas, and chlorine gas as byproducts. Historically, it was produced by the reaction of potassium carbonate with calcium hydroxide.

Potassium hydroxide has numerous industrial applications. It is used in the manufacture of soaps and detergents, as a strong electrolyte in alkaline batteries, and in the production of potassium carbonate and other potassium salts. It also finds use in petroleum refining, as a component in fertilizers, and in chemical synthesis. In laboratory settings, it is employed as a reagent and a pH adjuster. Due to its corrosive nature, proper handling and safety precautions are essential when working with potassium hydroxide.