Kynsisairauksia

Kynsisairaudet, also known as nail diseases, refer to a variety of conditions that affect the nails of the fingers and toes. These conditions can stem from fungal, bacterial, or viral infections, as well as non-infectious causes like trauma, genetics, or systemic diseases. Fungal infections, particularly onychomycosis, are among the most common kynsisairauksia, leading to thickening, discoloration, and brittleness of the nail. Bacterial infections can cause pain, swelling, and pus formation around the nail. Viral infections, such as those causing warts, can also manifest on or under the nails.

Non-infectious causes are equally prevalent. Trauma, whether a single severe injury or repeated minor stress, can damage the nail matrix, leading to deformed nail growth. Psoriasis, a chronic skin condition, frequently affects the nails, causing pitting, discoloration, and onycholysis (nail separation). Other autoimmune diseases and systemic conditions like thyroid problems or poor circulation can also impact nail health. Age-related changes can also contribute to nail thickening and increased brittleness.

Diagnosis of kynsisairauksia typically involves a visual examination, and sometimes laboratory tests like nail scrapings for fungal or bacterial cultures are performed to identify the causative agent. Treatment strategies vary widely depending on the specific diagnosis. Fungal infections often require antifungal medications, either topical or oral. Bacterial infections may necessitate antibiotics. For non-infectious causes, addressing the underlying condition is crucial, and treatments may include emollients, nail softeners, or medical interventions for systemic diseases. Prevention strategies include maintaining good foot and hand hygiene, avoiding trauma to the nails, and promptly seeking medical advice for any persistent nail abnormalities.