Kv11

Kv11 refers to a family of voltage-gated potassium channels. These channels are integral membrane proteins that play a crucial role in the electrical excitability of cells, particularly neurons and cardiac myocytes. The Kv11 family is also known as the KCNH or EAG (Ether-à-go-go) channel subfamily. There are four known members in this subfamily: Kv11.1 (hERG), Kv11.2, Kv11.3, and Kv11.4.

Kv11 channels are characterized by their unique N-terminus, which contains a cyclic nucleotide-binding homology (CNBH) domain, and a pore domain that forms the central ion conduction pathway. The primary function of these channels is to regulate the flow of potassium ions across the cell membrane, which is essential for repolarization after an action potential.

Kv11.1, also known as hERG, is particularly well-studied due to its significant role in cardiac repolarization. Mutations in the KCNH2 gene, which encodes Kv11.1, are a common cause of the Long QT syndrome, a potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmia. Dysfunction of Kv11 channels can also affect neuronal signaling and contribute to various neurological disorders. The pharmacology of Kv11 channels is also of interest, with certain drugs known to block these channels, leading to potential adverse effects.