Krüokaitseained

Krüokaitseained, also known as cryoprotectants, are substances used to protect biological tissues and cells from damage during freezing. These agents work by lowering the freezing point of water and preventing the formation of ice crystals, which can rupture cell membranes and disrupt cellular structures. They can also stabilize cellular components, reducing denaturation and preserving their function.

Common cryoprotectants include glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and certain sugars like trehalose. These compounds are often used in combination to achieve optimal protection. The concentration of cryoprotectant is a critical factor; too little may not provide adequate protection, while too much can be toxic to the cells.

The application of cryoprotectants is widespread in various scientific fields. They are essential for cryopreservation of cells, tissues, and organs for research, medicine, and biotechnology. This includes long-term storage of stem cells, sperm, eggs, and embryos for fertility treatments and research purposes. In scientific research, cryoprotectants enable the long-term storage of biological samples for future analysis. The process of adding cryoprotectants is known as cryoprotection, and it is a vital step in many cryopreservation protocols.