Kræftbiologi

Kræftbiologi, also known as cancer biology, is the scientific study of cancer. It investigates the biological mechanisms that underpin the development and progression of cancer, including its causes, characteristics, and potential treatments. This field explores the genetic and molecular alterations that transform normal cells into cancerous ones, leading to uncontrolled cell growth, invasion of surrounding tissues, and metastasis to distant sites.

Key areas of study within kræftbiologi include oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, which play critical roles in cell cycle regulation and DNA repair. Researchers also examine the tumor microenvironment, a complex ecosystem of cells, blood vessels, and signaling molecules that supports tumor growth and survival. Understanding these intricate biological processes is crucial for developing effective diagnostic tools, targeted therapies, and preventive strategies.

The ultimate goal of kræftbiologi is to translate fundamental scientific discoveries into clinical applications that improve patient outcomes. This involves identifying biomarkers for early detection, developing drugs that specifically target cancer cells while sparing healthy ones, and understanding how cancers evolve resistance to therapy. The field is interdisciplinary, drawing upon expertise from genetics, molecular biology, cell biology, immunology, and medicine.