Koordineeriv

Koordineeriv is a grammatical term used in linguistic typology to describe a type of coordination in which two or more elements form a syntactically parallel unit and are linked by conjunctions or punctuation. The concept emphasizes equal status of the conjuncts and the absence of a hierarchical subordinate relation between them.

Origin and usage: The term derives from Estonian koordineerida, meaning to coordinate. It is employed in comparative grammar and syntax to describe how languages realize coordination across words, phrases, or clauses. The specific realization of koordineeriv constructions varies across languages, reflecting differences in word order, morphology, and discourse practices.

Definition and properties: A koordineeriv construction coordinates elements of equal syntactic category—such as two nouns, two verbs, or two clauses—so that they share a common function within the larger clause. Conjuncts are typically joined by coordinating conjunctions like and, or, or but, or by punctuation and intonation. Ellipsis may allow repeated material to be omitted in subsequent conjuncts, while preserving the parallel structure.

Types and scope: Koordineeriv constructions can be additive (A and B), disjunctive (A or B), or adversative (A but B). They may occur within a single clause or, in some languages, span multiple clauses. In languages with rich case marking or agreement systems, koordineeriv coordination can interact with morphology to indicate sub-relationships or focus.

Distinctions: Koordineeriv is contrasted with subordinative constructions, where one element syntactically dominates another. It is related to, but distinct from phenomena such as right-node raising and shared subject constructions.

See also: Coordination (linguistics), Conjunction, Ellipsis.