Koncentrációgráf

Koncentrációgráf, translated as concentration graph, is a conceptual tool used in certain fields, particularly in economics and social sciences, to visualize the distribution of a resource or variable within a population or system. It typically depicts the cumulative share of the resource held by a cumulative share of the population, ordered from least to most. The horizontal axis represents the cumulative percentage of the population, and the vertical axis represents the cumulative percentage of the resource.

A key feature of a concentration graph is its comparison to a line of perfect equality. This line, often a diagonal line from the origin (0,0) to the top right corner (100,100), represents a scenario where the resource is distributed equally among the population. For instance, if the line of perfect equality is shown, it means 10% of the population holds 10% of the resource, 50% of the population holds 50% of the resource, and so on.

The actual concentration graph, also known as a Lorenz curve in economics, will deviate from the line of perfect equality if the distribution is unequal. The further the curve bows away from the diagonal, the greater the inequality in the distribution. The area between the line of perfect equality and the concentration graph can be quantified, often using a metric like the Gini coefficient, to provide a numerical measure of inequality. Concentration graphs are useful for understanding phenomena such as income inequality, wealth distribution, and market concentration.