Kompresori

Kompresori, also known as a compressor, is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a fluid, most commonly a gas, by reducing its volume. This is achieved by doing work on the fluid, which adds energy to it. The energy input can come from various sources, such as an electric motor, an internal combustion engine, or a steam turbine.

The fundamental principle behind a compressor is to force a gas into a smaller space. This can be done in several ways, leading to different types of compressors. Positive displacement compressors trap a fixed volume of gas and then reduce that volume, thereby increasing pressure. Examples include reciprocating compressors, which use a piston in a cylinder, and rotary compressors, which use rotating elements like screws or vanes. Dynamic compressors, on the other hand, impart kinetic energy to the gas through a rotating impeller, and then convert this kinetic energy into pressure energy in a diffuser. Centrifugal compressors and axial compressors fall into this category.

Compressors are essential components in a wide range of applications. They are used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems to circulate refrigerant, in industrial processes to supply compressed air for tools and machinery, in natural gas pipelines to move gas over long distances, and in internal combustion engines as turbochargers or superchargers to boost performance. The specific type of compressor chosen depends on the required pressure, flow rate, efficiency, and the nature of the gas being compressed.