Kokonaispääomakertoimet

Kokonaispääomakertoimet, known in English as total capital ratios, are financial metrics used to assess the solvency and financial strength of institutions, particularly banks and other financial entities. They represent the ratio of a financial institution's total capital to its risk-weighted assets.

The calculation of total capital involves summing up various components of equity and certain types of debt that are considered reliable and can absorb losses. These components are typically categorized into different tiers, such as Tier 1 capital (core capital) and Tier 2 capital (supplementary capital). Tier 1 capital includes common equity and retained earnings, while Tier 2 capital may include instruments like hybrid capital and subordinated debt.

Risk-weighted assets are calculated by assigning different risk weights to various types of assets based on their perceived credit risk. For example, government bonds might have a lower risk weight than corporate loans. The sum of these risk-weighted assets provides a measure of the institution's exposure to potential losses.

A higher kokonaispääomakerroin indicates a stronger financial position and a greater capacity to absorb unexpected losses. Regulatory bodies, such as central banks and financial supervisors, set minimum capital ratio requirements to ensure the stability of the financial system. These ratios are crucial for monitoring the health of financial institutions and preventing systemic risks. They are a key component of prudential regulation and risk management frameworks.