KohlenmonoxidHämoglobin

KohlenmonoxidHämoglobin, often abbreviated as COHb, is a compound formed when carbon monoxide (CO) binds to hemoglobin (Hb), the protein in red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport. This binding occurs in the lungs when inhaled carbon monoxide enters the bloodstream. The affinity of hemoglobin for carbon monoxide is significantly higher than its affinity for oxygen, approximately 200-250 times greater. Consequently, even low concentrations of CO can lead to a substantial portion of hemoglobin being bound to CO, forming COHb.

The formation of COHb has serious health implications because it reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. When hemoglobin is bound to CO, it is unavailable for oxygen transport. This can lead to oxygen deprivation in tissues and organs, a condition known as hypoxia. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are often non-specific and can include headache, dizziness, nausea, and fatigue. At higher concentrations, COHb can cause confusion, loss of consciousness, and even death.

The severity of COHb toxicity depends on the concentration of carbon monoxide in the air, the duration of exposure, and an individual's health status. Diagnosis is typically made by measuring the percentage of COHb in the blood. Treatment involves removing the individual from the source of carbon monoxide and administering oxygen, which helps to displace CO from hemoglobin and restore oxygen transport.