Klórgas

Klórgas, also known as chlorine gas, is a chemical compound with the formula Cl2. It is a diatomic molecule consisting of two chlorine atoms bonded together. Under standard conditions, chlorine gas is a yellow-green gas with a pungent, irritating odor. It is denser than air and is a highly reactive oxidizing agent. Chlorine gas is soluble in water, where it forms hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid. Historically, it was first synthesized by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1774. Its production is primarily achieved through the electrolysis of sodium chloride brine, a process also known as the chloralkali process, which also yields sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

Chlorine gas has numerous industrial applications, including the purification of water, where it acts as a disinfectant to kill bacteria and other microorganisms. It is also widely used in the production of plastics, solvents, and pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, it plays a role in the manufacturing of bleaching agents and pesticides. Due to its toxicity, chlorine gas poses significant health hazards. Inhalation can cause severe respiratory damage, leading to coughing, shortness of breath, and potentially fatal pulmonary edema. Contact with skin and eyes can result in burns and irritation. During World War I, chlorine gas was unfortunately employed as a chemical weapon. Its handling and storage require strict safety precautions to prevent accidental release and exposure.