Kloriidiioone

Kloriidiioone refers to the chloride ion, which is a negatively charged ion with the chemical formula Cl-. It is formed when a chlorine atom gains an electron. Chlorine is a halogen, and in its elemental form, it is a highly reactive diatomic molecule. However, as an ion, the chloride ion is stable and plays a crucial role in many chemical and biological processes.

In aqueous solutions, chloride ions are highly soluble and are a common constituent of salts, such as sodium chloride (table salt). The presence of chloride ions significantly influences the electrical conductivity of solutions. In biology, chloride ions are essential for maintaining fluid balance and are involved in nerve impulse transmission and the production of stomach acid. The concentration of chloride ions in the body is carefully regulated.

The chloride ion is a monatomic anion with a charge of -1. It has a Lewis structure with a chlorine atom at the center surrounded by eight valence electrons, with one electron pair belonging to the original chlorine atom and the other three pairs gained from the chlorine atom becoming an ion. Its ionic radius is larger than that of a neutral chlorine atom due to the added electron causing repulsion between electron shells. Chloride ions are ubiquitous in the environment, found in seawater, groundwater, and minerals.