Kloridjonen

Kloridjonen is the anion with the chemical formula Cl−. It consists of a single chlorine atom that has gained an electron, resulting in a net negative charge. In aqueous solutions, the chloride ion is highly soluble. It is a common ion found in nature, particularly in seawater, where it is the most abundant anion.

The chloride ion plays a crucial role in biological systems. It is an essential electrolyte in the body, involved in maintaining fluid balance, regulating blood pressure, and aiding in digestion through the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Nerve impulse transmission also relies on the movement of chloride ions across cell membranes.

Industrially, chloride ions are significant in the production of chlorine gas and sodium hydroxide through the electrolysis of brine (a concentrated solution of sodium chloride). They are also a key component in various salts, such as potassium chloride and calcium chloride, which have applications in fertilizers, de-icing agents, and food additives. The presence of chloride ions can also be an indicator of water quality, as elevated levels can sometimes be associated with pollution or contamination.