Kitui

Kitui is a county in the eastern part of Kenya, formed under the 2010 constitution and the country’s devolved system of government. It is named after Kitui Town, the county capital, located centrally; other major towns include Mwingi, Mutomo, and Ikutha. The population is predominantly Akamba, with Kikamba, Swahili, and English spoken in daily life.

Geography and climate: Kitui lies largely in a dry to semi-arid zone with savannah landscapes and the Yatta Plateau forming part of its eastern boundary. Rainfall is seasonal and variable, contributing to periodic droughts and a reliance on rain-fed agriculture. The region contains a mix of highland and lowland areas, influencing agricultural suitability and water availability.

Economy and resources: The economy is primarily agricultural, driven by smallholder farming of maize, millet, sorghum, and beans, together with livestock keeping. The county also has mineral resources, including coal in the Mui Basin, where exploration has occurred and development plans have been discussed. Trade, crafts, and small-scale services support rural livelihoods, while some areas benefit from public and donor-funded development programs.

Administration and society: Kitui County is divided into sub-counties and wards and is governed by a county government under Kenya’s devolved framework. The region has cultural sites and traditions tied to the Akamba heritage, with education and health infrastructure expanding since devolved governance began.

Challenges and development: Key issues include recurring drought, water scarcity, and limited market access in some areas. Ongoing initiatives focus on climate resilience, irrigation development, and infrastructure improvements to broaden economic opportunities for residents.