Kinnistusõigusi

Kinnistusõigusi refers to property rights in Estonian law. It encompasses the rights and obligations associated with owning and using immovable property, such as land and buildings. These rights are registered in the Estonian Land Register (kinnistusraamat), a public registry that provides legal certainty and transparency regarding property ownership.

The core of kinnistusõigusi is the principle of ownership, which grants the owner the exclusive right to possess, use, and dispose of their property. This includes the right to derive income from it, to build on it, and to transfer ownership to others. However, these rights are not absolute and can be subject to limitations imposed by law, such as zoning regulations, easements, or public utility rights.

Beyond ownership, kinnistusõigusi also covers other real rights, such as usufruct (kasutusõigus), which allows a person to use and benefit from another's property for a specific period, and mortgage (hüpoteek), which serves as security for a loan. The Land Register records all these rights, ensuring that third parties are aware of any encumbrances on a property. The system is designed to protect the rights of property owners and to facilitate secure transactions in the real estate market.