Kilpirauhaslääke

Kilpirauhaslääke refers to medications used to treat conditions affecting the thyroid gland, a small gland located at the base of the neck that produces hormones regulating metabolism. These medications are broadly categorized into those that replace missing thyroid hormones and those that suppress excessive thyroid hormone production.

Hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid, is commonly treated with levothyroxine, a synthetic form of thyroxine (T4), one of the primary thyroid hormones. This medication replenishes the body's insufficient hormone levels, helping to restore normal metabolic function and alleviate symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. Dosing is typically adjusted based on blood tests monitoring thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.

Hyperthyroidism, or an overactive thyroid, is managed with antithyroid medications such as methimazole or propylthiouracil. These drugs work by reducing the thyroid gland's ability to produce thyroid hormones. Radioactive iodine therapy is another common treatment for hyperthyroidism, which selectively destroys overactive thyroid cells. In some cases, surgery to remove part or all of the thyroid gland may be necessary.

Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder causing hyperthyroidism, and thyroid nodules are other conditions that may necessitate thyroid medication. The choice of medication and treatment approach depends on the specific diagnosis, the severity of the condition, and individual patient factors. Regular monitoring by a healthcare professional is essential to ensure effective and safe treatment.