Kernmachten

Kernmachten is a term derived from German, literally translating to "core powers" or "kernel powers." In a political science context, it refers to the fundamental elements that constitute a state's sovereignty and its ability to function independently. These powers are typically considered inherent to the concept of a state and are not delegable to other entities.

Key aspects often included in the concept of kernmachten involve the authority to make and enforce laws within its territory, the ability to raise and maintain armed forces for defense, the power to levy taxes for public services, and the exclusive right to conduct foreign policy, including entering into treaties. The presence and exercise of these kernmachten are essential for a political entity to be recognized as a sovereign state on the international stage.

The specific scope and interpretation of kernmachten can vary slightly between different political and legal traditions. However, the underlying principle remains consistent: these are the irreducible powers that define and uphold a state's existence and autonomy. Understanding kernmachten is crucial for analyzing state capacity, international relations, and the very definition of statehood.