Kardiaal

Kardiaal is a term that primarily refers to the cardiac region of the stomach, which is the upper part of the stomach that connects to the esophagus. This anatomical area plays a crucial role in digestion by acting as a reservoir for food before it moves further into the stomach and preventing the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus. The cardiac sphincter, a muscular ring located at the junction of the esophagus and stomach, is essential for maintaining this barrier. When this sphincter weakens or malfunctions, it can lead to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), commonly known as heartburn.

The cardiac region itself is lined with specialized cells that secrete mucus. This mucus layer serves as a protective barrier against the acidic environment of the stomach, preventing self-digestion. While historically the term "kardiaal" might have had broader applications in medical contexts, its most common and precise usage today is specifically in relation to this anatomical part of the stomach. Understanding the cardiac region is vital in diagnosing and treating various gastrointestinal disorders.