Karbüülrühma

Karbüülrühma refers to the carbonyl group, a functional group in organic chemistry consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom. Its chemical formula is C=O. This group is a fundamental component of many important organic molecules, including aldehydes and ketones, as well as carboxylic acids and their derivatives like esters, amides, and acid halides. The carbon atom in the carbonyl group is electrophilic due to the polarity of the carbon-oxygen double bond, making it susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This reactivity is central to many organic reactions, such as nucleophilic addition and nucleophilic acyl substitution. The presence of a carbonyl group significantly influences the physical and chemical properties of a molecule, affecting its polarity, boiling point, and solubility. It is also a key structural feature in biological molecules like carbohydrates and nucleic acids.