Kapillärkondensation
Kapillärkondensation refers to the phenomenon where vapor condenses on the surface of a liquid within narrow pores or capillaries, even when the vapor pressure is below the saturation vapor pressure at that temperature. This occurs due to the curvature of the liquid surface within the capillary. The surface tension of the liquid creates a negative pressure (tension) within the liquid, which in turn lowers the equilibrium vapor pressure above it. This is described by the Kelvin equation.
The Kelvin equation quantifies the relationship between the vapor pressure above a curved liquid surface and
This effect is significant in various natural and industrial processes. In soil science, kapillärkondensation plays a