Kapillariseinämien

Kapillariseinämien refers to the capillary walls in biology. These are the smallest blood vessels in the circulatory system, forming a network that connects arterioles and venules. Their primary function is to facilitate the exchange of substances between the blood and the surrounding tissues. This exchange occurs through diffusion, filtration, and osmosis across the thin walls of the capillaries. The walls are typically composed of a single layer of endothelial cells, which provides a very short diffusion distance for gases, nutrients, and waste products.

The structure of capillary walls is optimized for their function. The endothelial cells are flattened and tightly joined, though small gaps or pores called fenestrations may exist in some types of capillaries, allowing for more rapid passage of certain molecules. This thinness is crucial for efficient transport. For instance, oxygen and nutrients move from the blood into the tissues, while carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes move from the tissues into the blood.

Capillary walls also play a role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance within the body. The pressure within the capillaries, along with osmotic pressure, influences the movement of water and solutes between the blood and the interstitial fluid. Specialized capillaries, such as those in the kidneys or intestines, have unique structural adaptations to perform specific functions related to filtration and absorption. The integrity of capillary walls is essential for maintaining healthy circulation and tissue function.