Kõneviisidel

Kõneviisidel refers to grammatical moods in the Estonian language. Mood indicates the speaker's attitude towards the proposition expressed by the verb. Estonian has three main moods: indicative, imperative, and conditional.

The indicative mood (kindla kõneviis) is the most common mood and is used to express facts, statements, and questions. It is the default mood in Estonian and does not require any special marking. Examples include "Ma loen raamatut" (I am reading a book) and "Kas sa tuled?" (Are you coming?).

The imperative mood (käskiv kõneviis) is used to express commands, requests, or prohibitions. It is typically formed by using the infinitive stem of the verb, often with the suffix -gu for the third person plural. For example, "Loe!" (Read!) and "Tulgu ta siia!" (Let him/her come here!).

The conditional mood (tingiv kõneviis) expresses hypothetical situations, possibilities, or wishes. It is formed by adding the suffix -ks to the verb stem. This mood is used in conditional clauses and to express polite requests. For instance, "Kui mul oleks aega, ma loeksin" (If I had time, I would read) and "Kas te saaksite mind aidata?" (Could you help me?).

Each mood plays a distinct role in conveying the speaker's intention and the nature of the statement being made, contributing to the nuance and expressiveness of the Estonian language.