Jodfattiga

Jodfattiga refers to a deficiency in iodine, an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in thyroid hormone production. These hormones are vital for regulating metabolism, growth, and development. Iodine deficiency is a global health concern, particularly in regions where soil and water have low iodine content.

The most recognizable consequence of iodine deficiency is the development of goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland. This occurs as the thyroid attempts to compensate for the lack of iodine by producing more thyroid-stimulating hormone. In pregnant women, severe iodine deficiency can lead to irreversible intellectual and developmental disabilities in their children, a condition known as cretinism. Milder deficiency during pregnancy can still impair cognitive function.

Iodine is naturally found in seafood, dairy products, and eggs. However, in many parts of the world, dietary intake is insufficient. To combat this, iodization of salt is a common and effective public health strategy. This involves adding a small amount of iodine to table salt, making it readily available in the diet. Many countries have implemented mandatory salt iodization programs, which have significantly reduced the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders. Monitoring iodine intake and thyroid function remains important for ensuring adequate levels and preventing associated health problems.