Izoláciu

Izoláciu, or insulation, is a material or system designed to reduce the transfer of heat, sound, or electricity. In construction, thermal insulation is crucial for maintaining comfortable indoor temperatures and improving energy efficiency. It works by trapping air or other gases within its structure, which are poor conductors of heat. Common thermal insulation materials include fiberglass, mineral wool, foam boards, and cellulose. These materials are installed in walls, roofs, floors, and around pipes to prevent heat loss in winter and heat gain in summer.

Sound insulation aims to reduce the transmission of noise between spaces. This can be achieved through dense materials that absorb sound waves or by creating air gaps that disrupt their passage. Materials like acoustic panels, mass-loaded vinyl, and specialized drywall are used for soundproofing.

Electrical insulation is essential for safety, preventing the flow of electric current to unintended locations. It typically involves non-conductive materials such as rubber, plastic, or porcelain surrounding electrical wires and components. The choice of insulation material depends on the specific application and the properties required, such as thermal resistance, sound absorption, or electrical resistivity. Properly implemented insulation contributes significantly to the performance, safety, and comfort of buildings and electrical systems.