Intubaation

Intubation is a medical procedure in which a tube, called an endotracheal tube, is inserted into the trachea (windpipe) to maintain an open airway. This procedure is commonly performed during surgery, anesthesia, or in cases of respiratory distress to ensure the patient can breathe properly. Intubation can be done through the mouth (oropharyngeal intubation) or through the nose (nasotracheal intubation).

The primary goal of intubation is to provide a secure airway, allowing for controlled ventilation and oxygenation. This is crucial in situations where the patient's own breathing is compromised, such as during general anesthesia, in cases of respiratory failure, or in emergency situations like cardiac arrest.

The procedure involves the use of a laryngoscope to visualize the vocal cords and guide the tube into the trachea. Once in place, the tube is secured to prevent it from moving and to allow for ventilation. Intubation can be temporary, lasting only for the duration of the procedure or surgery, or it can be permanent, as in the case of tracheostomy.

Risks associated with intubation include damage to the vocal cords, bleeding, and infection. Complications can occur if the tube is not properly placed, leading to aspiration of stomach contents or damage to the esophagus. Proper training and experience are essential for healthcare professionals performing intubation to minimize these risks.