Interleukiini

Interleukins are a group of cytokines, which are signaling proteins secreted by cells of the immune system. They play a crucial role in the communication between white blood cells, and in the regulation of immune responses. The term "interleukin" literally means "between leukocytes," reflecting their primary function in mediating communication among lymphocytes and other immune cells.

There are many different interleukins, each with specific functions. They are typically named numerically, such as IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and so on. Different interleukins can have a wide range of effects, including promoting the growth and differentiation of immune cells, triggering inflammation, inducing fever, or suppressing immune responses. For instance, IL-2 is vital for T cell proliferation, while IL-6 is involved in acute phase responses and inflammation.

The production of interleukins is tightly regulated. They are released in response to specific stimuli, such as the presence of pathogens or tissue damage. Once released, interleukins bind to specific receptors on the surface of target cells, initiating a cascade of intracellular events that alter the cell's behavior. Dysregulation of interleukin production or signaling can contribute to various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, chronic inflammation, and cancer. Research into interleukins is ongoing, aiming to develop targeted therapies for these conditions.