Ingatlanadó

Ingatlanadó is a local tax on immovable property in Hungary. It is levied by municipal governments on owners of real estate within the municipality as a source of local revenue used to fund public services such as education, roads, and waste management. The tax typically covers real property, including land and built structures, and the obligation belongs to the legal owner or holder of the property.

Calculation and administration: The tax base and the rate are determined by the municipality. They are usually based on a cadastral value or other official assessment, and can be a per-property annual amount or a per-square-meter charge. Taxpayers are required to declare property data to the local tax authority, and payments are scheduled by the municipality. Nonpayment leads to late fees and enforcement.

Exemptions and reliefs: Municipalities may grant exemptions or reductions for certain categories, for example for agricultural land, properties used for public or non-profit purposes, historical monuments, or for households meeting income criteria. The exact rules vary by municipality and year.

Relation to other taxes: Ingatlanadó operates alongside other local taxes such as építményadó and telekadó, and is distinct from national property taxes. It is not a nationwide tax; its existence and level depend on local decisions and the legal framework set at national level.

History and current status: The introduction and use of ingatlanadó has differed across towns and over time, reflecting local budget needs and national tax policy changes. In some municipalities it remains a key instrument for funding local services, while others rely on different tax instruments.