Industrialised

Industrialised is an adjective used to describe an economy, country, region, or area that has undergone industrialisation to a significant degree. In a highly industrialised economy, the manufacturing sector and related services contribute a large share of output and employment, and infrastructure such as transportation, energy, and urban centers are oriented toward production and distribution. The term is most commonly used in British English; the American variant is industrialized, and the corresponding noun is industrialisation (British) or industrialization (American).

Industrialisation is a structural transformation that typically follows shifts from agriculture to manufacturing, increased mechanisation, adoption of new energy sources, and urbanisation. It often involves investments in capital, infrastructure, education, and research and development, as well as integration into global supply chains. Early industrialised regions emerged in Britain and Western Europe during the Industrial Revolution (late 18th to 19th century) and later expanded to North America, East Asia, and parts of Latin America and Africa.

Indicators used to gauge industrialised status include the share of manufacturing in GDP and employment, manufacturing value added per capita, energy intensity, infrastructure quality, and productivity levels. Industrialised economies frequently experience rising living standards but also face challenges such as environmental impact, labour rights, and regional inequalities. The term can describe a current state or the process of reaching that state, as in a country becoming industrialised.