Induktionsmotor

An Induktionsmotor, also known as an asynchronous motor or induction motor, is a type of electric motor widely used in industrial and household applications due to its robustness, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness. It operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where an alternating current in the stator produces a rotating magnetic field that induces a current in the rotor, thereby generating torque.

The basic construction of an induction motor consists of a stator and a rotor. The stator has laminated iron cores with windings connected to the power supply, creating a rotating magnetic field. The rotor, typically a squirrel cage design composed of conductors short-circuited by end rings, is placed within this magnetic field. When the stator's magnetic field rotates, it induces a current in the rotor, which in turn produces its magnetic field, resulting in torque and rotation.

Induction motors are classified mainly into two types: squirrel cage and wound rotor motors. Squirrel cage motors are the most common, favored for their ruggedness and low maintenance. Wound rotor motors contain a rotor winding connected to external resistances, useful for applications requiring high starting torque.

These motors are known for their efficiency, durability, and low upfront costs. They are extensively used in industrial machinery, conveyor systems, pumps, and fans. Their working speed varies slightly below the synchronously generated magnetic field speed, a characteristic known as slip, which is essential for torque production.

Overall, the induction motor remains a cornerstone of electrical engineering, valued for its straightforward operation and reliability across a broad spectrum of applications.