Indool3üülasiinhapet

Indool-3-üüläädikhapet, often abbreviated as IAA, is a naturally occurring plant hormone belonging to the auxin class. It is the most abundant and widely studied member of this group. IAA plays a crucial role in various aspects of plant growth and development, including cell elongation, cell division, root formation, and the differentiation of plant tissues. It is synthesized primarily in young leaves and shoot apical meristems and then transported to other parts of the plant where it exerts its effects.

The synthesis of IAA in plants involves a complex metabolic pathway, with tryptophan being the primary precursor. Enzymes within plant cells catalyze a series of reactions to convert tryptophan into IAA. The concentration of IAA within a plant is tightly regulated, with both synthesis and degradation pathways contributing to maintaining appropriate levels.

IAA's influence on plant growth is dose-dependent. At optimal concentrations, it promotes elongation and development. However, at higher concentrations, it can inhibit growth, a phenomenon particularly observed in roots. This complex regulatory role makes IAA a key factor in shaping plant architecture and responding to environmental cues. Its applications in agriculture and horticulture include use in rooting powders to stimulate root development in cuttings and in tissue culture to promote callus formation and organogenesis.