Impor

Impor is the act of bringing goods or services into a country from abroad for sale or use. It is a fundamental component of international trade and is measured in terms of value and volume in national accounts. Imports influence a country's balance of trade and can affect domestic prices, supply chains, and exchange rates. The composition of imports—raw materials, capital goods, consumer products—reflects a nation's industrial structure and development stage.

In terms of regulation, most countries regulate imports through customs procedures, tariffs, and licensing. Import duties are assessed based on HS classification; non-tariff barriers include quotas, technical standards, safety rules, and certification. International rules, such as those established by the World Trade Organization, aim to reduce distortions. Some sectors, such as food, medicines, or strategic goods, may require special permits or restrictions. Import policy interacts with exchange controls and foreign currency availability, which can influence who imports and at what cost.

In Indonesian and Malay usage, impor is the verb for importing; the term appears in trade policy, business, and media. The related term ekspor denotes exporting. Etymology traces back to Latin importare via French or Dutch loanwords, reflecting historical trade routes.