IgMAntikörper

IgM antibodies, also known as Immunoglobulin M, are large protein molecules produced by the immune system to neutralize pathogens. They are the first type of antibody to be synthesized and secreted by B cells during an initial exposure to an antigen. This makes IgM a crucial marker for recent infections. Structurally, IgM is typically found as a pentamer, meaning five Y-shaped antibody units are joined together. This pentameric structure gives IgM a high valency, allowing it to bind to multiple antigen sites simultaneously, which enhances its effectiveness in agglutination (clumping of pathogens) and complement activation. IgM is primarily found in the bloodstream and lymph fluid. Its presence in significant amounts is often indicative of an acute or recent infection, while lower levels might suggest a past infection or certain autoimmune conditions. The production of IgM antibodies is a vital part of the primary immune response and plays a significant role in defending the body against bacteria and viruses.