IgAdeficiencia

IgA deficiency, also known as IgA deficiency syndrome, is a primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by the absence or significant reduction of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the blood and other body fluids. IgA is a type of antibody that plays a crucial role in the immune system's defense against infections, particularly in the mucosal surfaces of the body, such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts.

Individuals with IgA deficiency are more susceptible to infections in these mucosal areas, including recurrent respiratory infections, sinusitis, and gastrointestinal infections. They may also experience an increased risk of autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, although the exact mechanism is not fully understood.

IgA deficiency is inherited in an autosomal manner, meaning that both copies of the gene responsible for producing IgA must be mutated for the condition to occur. The prevalence of IgA deficiency varies among different populations, with estimates ranging from 1 in 200 to 1 in 1,000 individuals.

Diagnosis of IgA deficiency typically involves measuring IgA levels in the blood and other body fluids, such as saliva or tears. Treatment for IgA deficiency primarily focuses on managing infections and preventing complications, which may include the use of antibiotics, vaccines, and other supportive care measures. In some cases, individuals with IgA deficiency may also benefit from immunoglobulin replacement therapy, which involves the administration of IgA antibodies to boost the immune system's defenses.