IL36G

Interleukin-36 gamma, also known as IL36G, is a cytokine belonging to the IL-36 family, which is part of the larger IL-1 cytokine superfamily. These cytokines play crucial roles in the immune system, particularly in regulating inflammatory responses. IL36G is predominantly expressed in keratinocytes, the main cell type in the epidermis, and also found in other epithelial tissues.

The primary function of IL36G is to act as a pro-inflammatory mediator. It exerts its effects by binding to the IL-36 receptor (IL36R), which is expressed on various immune cells, including T cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. Upon binding, IL36G triggers signaling pathways that promote the activation and proliferation of these immune cells, leading to the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the site of injury or infection.

Dysregulation of IL36G signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases. For instance, mutations in the IL36RN gene, which encodes the IL-36 receptor antagonist (a protein that inhibits IL36G activity), can lead to autoinflammatory conditions such as generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP), also known as von Zumbusch psoriasis. In these conditions, the lack of proper inhibition of IL36G signaling results in excessive and uncontrolled inflammation. Research is ongoing to further understand the precise mechanisms by which IL36G contributes to immune responses and disease development.