IL2IL2R

IL2IL2R, also known as interleukin-2 interleukin-2 receptor, is a heterodimeric receptor complex that plays a crucial role in the immune response. It is composed of two subunits: the interleukin-2 receptor alpha (IL2RA) and the interleukin-2 receptor beta (IL2RB) chains. The IL2IL2R complex is primarily expressed on the surface of activated T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, where it binds to interleukin-2 (IL-2), a cytokine produced by activated T cells and other immune cells.

The binding of IL-2 to the IL2IL2R complex initiates a signaling cascade that leads to the activation and proliferation of T cells and NK cells. This process is essential for the development and maintenance of an effective immune response against pathogens. The IL2IL2R complex also plays a role in the regulation of immune cell survival and differentiation.

Mutations or dysregulation of the IL2IL2R complex have been implicated in various immune-related disorders, including autoimmune diseases and certain types of cancer. For example, mutations in the IL2RA subunit have been associated with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and other primary immunodeficiencies. Additionally, the IL2IL2R complex is a target for immune checkpoint inhibitors, which are a class of drugs used to treat cancer by enhancing the activity of the immune system.

In summary, IL2IL2R is a critical component of the immune response, mediating the effects of interleukin-2 on T cells and NK cells. Its dysregulation or mutation can lead to immune-related disorders, and it is a target for immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy.