IGRAtest

IGRAtest is a brand name for Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs) used to detect latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). IGRAs are blood tests that measure the body's immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. Unlike the traditional tuberculin skin test (TST), IGRAs do not require a follow-up visit to read the results and are less likely to be affected by BCG vaccination. There are two main types of IGRA tests available: QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus and T-SPOT.TB. Both tests involve drawing a blood sample from a patient. This sample is then incubated with antigens specific to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. If the individual has been infected with TB, their T-cells will release interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in response to these antigens. The amount of IFN-γ produced is then measured by the laboratory. A positive result suggests that the person is infected with TB bacteria, but it does not indicate whether the infection is latent or active. Further medical evaluation, including clinical assessment and chest X-rays, is necessary to determine if the infection is latent or if active tuberculosis disease is present. IGRA tests are widely used in various settings, including screening for LTBI in healthcare workers, immigrants from high-prevalence countries, and individuals with risk factors for TB exposure.