Hodebunnsmusklene

Hodebunnsmusklene, also known as the epicranius muscle, is a complex of muscles located on the top and back of the skull. It is responsible for a variety of facial expressions and movements of the scalp. This muscle group is primarily divided into two main parts: the occipitofrontalis and the aponeurosis.

The occipitofrontalis muscle consists of two bellies, the frontal belly and the occipital belly, connected by a broad, flat tendon called the galea aponeurotica. The frontal belly is located on the forehead and is responsible for raising the eyebrows and wrinkling the forehead. The occipital belly is situated at the back of the head and assists in retracting the scalp.

The galea aponeurotica is a strong, fibrous sheet that covers the upper part of the skull. It serves as an attachment point for both the frontal and occipital bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle. This unique structure allows for coordinated movement between the front and back of the scalp.

Innervation for the hodebunnsmusklene is provided by branches of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII). This nerve controls voluntary muscle contractions, enabling actions such as surprise, sadness, and concentration. While these muscles are not typically involved in chewing or swallowing, their contraction is crucial for non-verbal communication and expressing emotions.