Hizir

Hizir, also spelled Hızır in Turkish and Khidr or Khizr in Arabic and Persian sources, is a legendary figure revered in Islamic, Balkan, and Anatolian folklore. Widely associated with guidance, protection, and mysterious longevity, Hizir is often identified with Khidr, the “Green Prophet” or “the Green One” who appears in stories of spiritual instruction and blessing.

In Islamic tradition, Khidr is mentioned indirectly in the Qur’an as a righteous servant of God who accompanies Moses and imparts hidden knowledge. The Qur’anic account does not name him, but later Islamic and Sufi literature developed a distinct persona—immortal or long-lived, a guide whose wisdom transcends ordinary understanding. He is frequently linked with water, fertility, and new beginnings.

In Turkish, Albanian, and broader Balkan folklore, Hizir is venerated as a saintly guardian who aids travelers, heals the sick, and helps safeguard communities. His feast day, Hıdırellez, celebrated on May 5–6 in parts of the region, blends pre-Islamic spring rites with Islamic reverence and features rituals aimed at securing health, rain, and good fortune.

Iconography and legends surrounding Hizir emphasize his green attire and his role as a healer and guide. Folk tales often depict him as appearing suddenly to those in need, sometimes in the company of another holy figure, Elijah; the two are sometimes said to meet at a holy site, symbolizing renewal and divine mercy.

Regional variations exist in how Hizir is worshipped or invoked, reflecting local beliefs, Sufi orders, and folk customs. In many communities, prayers or blessings for travelers or crops are offered in his name, and his legends continue to shape contemporary rites and popular sayings about luck, protection, and renewal.