Histológiája

Histológiája refers to the microscopic study of the structure of tissues. It is a branch of biology and medicine that examines the arrangement of cells and their organization into tissues within an organism. Histology is crucial for understanding normal physiological functions as well as the pathological changes that occur in diseases.

The primary tool used in histology is the microscope, which allows for the visualization of cellular and tissue architecture. Samples are typically prepared through a process involving fixation, embedding in a solid medium like paraffin, sectioning into thin slices, and staining with various dyes to highlight different cellular components. These stained thin slices, called histological slides, are then examined under the microscope.

Histology plays a vital role in diagnosing a wide range of medical conditions. Pathologists use histological analysis to identify abnormal cell growth, inflammation, infection, and other disease-related changes. For example, in cancer diagnosis, a biopsy sample is examined histologically to determine if the cells are cancerous, their type, and their grade, which helps in treatment planning. Beyond medicine, histology also contributes to research in fields such as developmental biology, evolutionary biology, and materials science.