Histologií

Histologií, also known as microanatomy, is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues. It involves the examination of cells and tissues using microscopes, typically light microscopes or electron microscopes. Histologists prepare tissue samples by fixing, embedding, sectioning, and staining them to reveal their cellular structures. These stained sections are then observed under a microscope to identify different cell types, their arrangements, and the extracellular matrix that surrounds them. Understanding normal tissue structure is fundamental for recognizing abnormalities that occur in disease. Histology is a crucial discipline within medicine, providing the basis for diagnosis in pathology, which examines diseased tissues. It also plays a vital role in various fields of biological research, including developmental biology, physiology, and pharmacology, helping to understand how cells and tissues function and how they respond to different stimuli or treatments. The systematic study of histology began in the 17th century with the invention of the microscope, allowing for the visualization of previously unseen structures within living organisms.